We Also Served: The Health and Well-Being of Female Veterans in the UK
Abstract: Women’s integration into the UK Armed Forces has resulted from a number of policy changes over the decades. Women now make up 11% of the UK Armed Forces and veteran population. However, research focused on female veterans in the UK is limited and not enough is known about their health, well-being, and Service experiences. In recognition of this, in June 2020, the Cobseo Female Veteran Cluster Group, supported by NHS England and NHS Improvement,commissioned the VFI to undertake a scoping study into the health and well-being needs of female veterans in the UK, identify gaps in research utilising national and international research and to provide a framework for prioritising research and other activities in the UK going forward. This report details the findings.
Abstract: Disordered eating is a prevalent and relevant health concern that remains understudied among U.S. military veterans. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a newly recognized feeding and eating disorder characterized by overly restrictive eating due to (a) picky eating, (b) lack of appetite, and (c) fear of aversive consequences related to eating. The Nine-Item ARFID Screen (NIAS) is a recently developed ARFID screening tool with initial validation studies demonstrating psychometric support. However, the psychometric properties of the NIAS have not been investigated in a veteran sample. To advance our understanding of ARFID screening tools that may be appropriate for use in veterans, the present study examined the factor structure of the NIAS using survey data from a large national sample of recently separated veterans (N = 1,486). Measurement invariance across key subgroups was tested in addition to exploring differential associations between the NIAS and related constructs. Results suggested that a three-factor model provided an excellent fit of the data and demonstrated scalar invariance across self-identified men and women, race and ethnicity, and sexual and gender minority (SGM) identity. Some subgroups had higher latent means on the picky eating (women, SGM, non-Hispanic Black), appetite (women, SGM), and fear (women) factors. The NIAS had some overlap with another measure of disordered eating and was moderately correlated with psychosocial impairment and mental health. Overall, the NIAS may be a useful screening tool for ARFID in veterans, given support for the three proposed subscales and equivalence across diverse identities.